Fig. 1

(A) The DLS assay for NCC/CTAB/FA/Quercetin NPs reveals a Z-average particle size of 354.4 ± 65.37 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.33 ± 0.14, and a zeta potential of -27.05 ± 1.64 mV. All data are averages from three repeated measurements. (B) The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) micrograph of NCC/CTAB/FA/Quercetin NPs reveals their rod and spherical shape, uniform dispersion, and surface texture. With a size scale of 200 nm, these characteristics suggest successful fabrication and potential effectiveness in targeted drug delivery and cancer therapy